Anticipated recovery period for hip replacement procedures: Insights on post- surgery progression
Hip Replacement Recovery: A Comprehensive Guide
Recovering from a hip replacement surgery varies for each individual, but most people can engage in light activities within 3 to 6 weeks post-surgery. However, the preparation and follow-up care prior and following the surgery significantly impact the recovery process.
Pre-Surgery Preparations
In accordance with the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS), patients are advised to prepare for their hip surgery several weeks beforehand. This practice is crucial to reduce the risk of complications and expedite the recovery. While the steps leading up to surgery are similar for both partial and total hip replacement, the total recovery time depends on these preliminary measures.
To ready oneself for surgery, individuals should:
- Discuss the surgery with their healthcare team, research the procedure, and ask questions.
- Engage in exercises that strengthen their legs, core, and upper body in the lead-up to surgery.
- Maintain a moderate weight, as this may decrease the risk of complications during surgery.
- Consider stopping or limiting smoking, as it can delay healing.
- Organize for a caregiver to help with daily activities for a week or two post-surgery.
- Prepare meals ahead of time to make the transition home smoother.
- Make the home easily accessible with a raised toilet seat, safety bars in the bathroom, and necessary mobility aids such as a walker or crutches.
Hospital Stay and Early Recovery
Following a partial or total hip replacement, patients may stay in the hospital for 1 to 2 days, with some discharged on the same day as the surgery.
In the early days of recovery, doctors typically administer pain relief medication, which may include opioids, local anesthetic, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and acetaminophen. The incision is typically stapled or stitched closed for about 2 weeks, which may require at-home wound care.
Healthcare professionals will encourage patients to get up and move around as soon as possible, with the ability to walk short distances with assistance on the same day of the operation. During this initial phase, even though walking may initially feel painful or uncomfortable, it helps to improve mobility and strengthen the hip.
Physiotherapists will instruct patients on exercises to strengthen their leg and advise them on activities to avoid. These exercises may also help patients learn to sit and bend without damaging the new hip.
Returning Home After Surgery
Returning home may necessitate help with daily tasks for several weeks or require a stay in a rehabilitation facility. During this period, patients may experience some pain and discomfort, for which they should continue taking prescribed medications.
Physical therapy or at-home exercises will help accelerate the healing process and promote flexibility and strength in the new joint. If needed, home health aides, nurses, or physical therapists may visit to assist with recovery.
To ensure proper healing, patients should keep the surgery incision wound dry until it is stitched or stapled and removed by the doctor.
Recovery Milestones
Within 10 to 14 days post-surgery, patients should no longer have their stitches, and pain and swelling may start to subside, although this may take longer for some individuals. Some patients may still require a cane or walker for support during this early recovery period.
Between 3 to 6 weeks following the surgery, most people can resume light activities of daily living. As time progresses, they may feel stronger, more stable, and comfortable putting more weight on their leg. They may also be able to undertake some basic self-care and light chores.
After 6 weeks, many people may return to work, but this depends on the specific requirements of their job. Generally, after 6 to 8 weeks, patients can safely engage in sexual activity again.
Physical therapy should continue for at least two months after surgery. Patients should consult their doctor regarding when it is safe to engage in additional exercise, such as swimming and walking.
Recovery Beyond Three Months
By the three-month mark, most people may be able to resume daily activities. At this stage, it is essential to check in with the doctor to assess progress and discuss appropriate physical therapy going forward. By three months post-surgery, patients may be able to engage in low-impact sports.
Strategies for a Smoother Recovery
To optimize recovery, patients can follow these guidelines:
- Perform physical therapy exercises as directed by their physical therapist.
- Engage in gentle exercises like daily walking in addition to prescribed physical therapy.
- Adopt a reclining position for added comfort.
- Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling.
- Take prescribed medication as directed.
- Use walking aids, if necessary, such as crutches for support and balance.
Recovery in Older and Younger Adults
Historically, hip replacements have not been recommended for individuals under 20 due to unfavorable outcomes. However, some patients under 20 may require a total hip replacement due to conditions like osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Such cases often yield favorable outcomes, bringing relief from pain and restoration of function.
Modern hip replacement implants are promising solutions for younger populations, leading to improved survival rates. Recovery in adults over 65 years may be more challenging, as they may already have compromised mobility. Older patients should prioritize fall prevention, as a fall may necessitate additional surgery. Ages 65 and over account for over 7 million emergency department visits for falls annually[1]. Older adults who have conditions like heart and lung disease, clogged arteries, or high blood pressure are at increased risk of complications during surgery. Patients should consult their doctor regarding appropriate tests and treatments for these conditions.
Hip Resurfacing Recovery
In hip resurfacing surgery, the surgeon trims and covers the femoral head with a metal cap instead of removing it, as is done in a traditional hip replacement. Following hip resurfacing surgery, patients may leave the hospital in 1 to 4 days and can begin putting weight on their leg immediately or with the help of a walking aid. Patients may experience pain and discomfort for several weeks, for which doctors may prescribe NSAIDs or opioids. Physical therapy after surgery is crucial, as it helps maintain range of motion and restores strength. Recovery from hip resurfacing surgery and return to regular activities is expected around 6 weeks.
Surgery Outlook
After hip replacement surgery, patients can expect:
- Reduced pain
- Improved mobility
- Enhanced quality of life
- Improvements in daily activities
Despite these improvements, patients may continue to experience some numbness, pain, or stiffness around the incision site. Other long-term effects may include metal detectors at airports, limitations in engaging in high-impact sports, the need for antibiotics before certain dental procedures, and modifications to sexual activity.
FAQs
How long will it take to walk again after a hip replacement?
• follow physical therapy exercises as a physical therapist instructs• try other gentle exercises, such as daily walking• sit in a reclining position• use a cold compress to reduce swelling• take any prescription medications as a doctor instructs• use walking aids, such as crutches, if necessary
Some patients may be able to walk short distances with assistance on the same day as the surgery. By the following weeks, they will be able to walk longer distances.
How long does bed rest last after hip replacement surgery?
Patients should start walking as soon as possible after hip replacement surgery. Bed rest is not required.
What age do they stop doing hip replacements?
There is no age limit on hip replacements. Suitability depends on overall health and mobility.
How long do hip implants or replacements last?
A modern artificial hip replacement should last at least 15 years. A 2019 review of over 200,000 patients with hip replacements suggests that the hip replacement should last for 58% of cases.
• sitting still for long periods• crossing the legs at the knee• bending the hip more than 90 degrees• bending down to touch the feet or ankles• sitting in low chairs• intense exercise, which may involve jumping or sudden turns• moving or lifting heavy objects
Summary
Hip replacement and resurfacing surgeries offer similar outcomes and high success rates. Recovery begins on the same day as surgery, and walking short distances with assistance is achievable soon afterward. Physical therapy, both in the hospital and at home, is essential to build strength, flexibility, and speed recovery. Many patients can return to light activities within about 6 weeks, and resume life as usual after about 3 months. A well-prepared approach to surgery, diligent adherence to recovery instructions, and regular check-ups with a doctor will help ensure a smooth and successful recovery.
- Some patients with chronic conditions such as ulcerative colitis, chronic kidney disease, or Alzheimer's may also require mobilization aids during the recovery period following hip replacement surgery.
- In the realm of medical-conditions and chronic-diseases research, scientists are exploring the predictive role of science in identifying individuals who may benefit from CBD-based therapies in managing pain after hip replacement surgeries.
- Post-surgery, regular engagement in physical therapy can help prevent complications such as COPD or cardiovascular disease from arising.
- Individuals with obesity may face increased challenges during hip replacement recovery, making it essential to implement a customized health-and-wellness strategy prior to surgery that includes weight management and engaging in regular exercises aimed at strengthening the core, legs, and upper body.
- Patients diagnosed with chronic-diseases like rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease may experience delays in hip replacement surgeries, as these conditions can impact the recovery process as well.
- It is crucial for patients to discuss any pre-existing medical-conditions, particularly autoimmune diseases like lupus or multiple sclerosis, with their healthcare team before scheduling hip replacement surgery to ensure a smooth recovery plan.
- As part of the chronic-diseases and treatments landscape, it has been suggested that a combination of physical therapy and CBD-based therapies could potentially enhance the recovery process for individuals undergoing hip replacement surgeries, but more research is needed in this area.
