Exploring Remedies for C3 Glomerulopathy (C3G): Understanding Available Therapies
Hey there! Let's chat about C3 glomerulopathy, a rare kidney condition that affects about 2 to 3 people per million. This condition causes protein deposits to build up in the kidneys' filtering tissues, impairing their function and potentially leading to kidney failure.
As there's no cure for C3G, treatment aims to support kidney health and suppress the immune system. Doctors usually recommend systemic treatments for this purpose. New and emerging therapies, however, target proteins involved in disease activity.
C3G occurs due to overactive parts of the body's immune system and changes in certain genes that regulate the complement system. The complement system is part of the immune system, and, in C3G, some proteins become active more frequently, leading to an excess of C3 protein. These protein deposits affect the glomeruli, blood vessels in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and extra fluid.
Current treatments can't reverse or prevent C3G, but they can help slow down kidney damage. Recommended treatments include medications like ACE inhibitors and ARBs, which lower blood pressure and prevent protein leakage, and immunosuppressive medications like MMF and glucocorticoids. Clinical guidelines also suggest complement inhibitors, medications that limit complement system activity, as an option when immunosuppressant medications are ineffective.
A person with C3G may benefit from a diet that reduces sodium, potassium, and phosphorus, balances protein and healthy fat levels, and manages fluid intake. Some people with kidney conditions work with dietitians to create a diet plan that supports their kidneys while ensuring adequate nutrition.
Recent developments in treatments involve medications targeting different components of the complement system, like iptacopan, pegcetacoplan, ARO-C3, danicopan, avacopan, KP104, and narsoplimab. These treatments aim to prevent the damaging effects of C3G on the kidneys by interrupting the series of events leading to the activation or breakdown of C3 or other proteins. Ongoing clinical trials are assessing their efficacy in reducing proteinuria and slowing disease progression.
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