Three Scientists Win Nobel Prize in Medicine for Work on Regulatory T Cells
Three scientists, Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell, and Shimon Sakaguchi, have been awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Medicine for their groundbreaking work on regulatory T cells and peripheral immune tolerance. Each laureate will receive approximately 930,000 Swiss francs for their contributions.
Sakaguchi, a Japanese immunologist, challenged the central tolerance doctrine in 1995 when he identified regulatory T cells. These cells, also known as TREG, act as peacekeepers within the immune system, preventing it from attacking its own tissue. Mary E. Brunkow and Fred Ramsdell discovered the FOXP3 gene in the 1990s, which is active in regulatory T cells and controls their development and function. A malfunctioning FOXP3 gene can lead to autoimmune diseases like IPEX syndrome. Today, clinical trials are exploring the use of regulatory T cells to treat conditions such as Type 1 diabetes.
The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2025 recognizes the pivotal role of regulatory T cells and peripheral immune tolerance in our understanding and treatment of autoimmune diseases. The laureates' discoveries have opened new avenues for potential therapies and continue to influence immunology research worldwide.
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